Tag Archive | "War"

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Bookshelf Spotlight: Southeast Asia & U.S. Relations/Investments

Posted on 30 November 2011 by Pahole Sookkasikon

Featured University Of Hawai’i Press Publishing

* The Philippines and Japan in America’s Shadow

The Philippines and Japan in America’s Shadow


edited by Kiichi Fujiwara & Yoshiko Nagano
University Of Hawai’i Press, 2011

The authors in this volume examine the U.S. occupation of the Philippines and Japan from a wide range of perspectives (political science, history, anthropology, sociology, and literature). They suggest that American colonialism shows distinct characteristics of latecomer-colonialism, starting with the strong role of the state and the primacy of geopolitics. In contrast with other imperial powers, such as Britain, France, and Japan, the Americans relied more on informal empire than on direct control of territory, an approach that suited an era when colonialism as such was increasingly difficult to defend.

University Of Hawai’i Press | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

Featured Books

* Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899-1903
* India-Burma (The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II)
* Lucky Child: A Daughter of Cambodia Reunites with the Sister She Left Behind
* No Sure Victory: Measuring U.S. Army Effectiveness and Progress in the Vietnam War
* Trade and Development in a Globalized World: The Unfair Trade Problem in U.S.D Thai Trade Relations

Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899-1903


by Stuart Creighton Miller
Yale University Press, 1984

American acquisition of the Philippines and Filipino resistance to it became a focal point for debate on American imperialism. In a lively narrative, Miller tells the story of the war and how it challenged America’s sense of innocence. He examines the roles of key actors—the generals and presidents, the soldiers and senators—in America’s colonial adventure.

Yale University Press | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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India-Burma (The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II)


by David W. Hogan
Army Center of Military History, 1992

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Lucky Child: A Daughter of Cambodia Reunites with the Sister She Left Behind


by Loung Ung
Harper Perennial, 2006

After enduring years of hunger, deprivation, and devastating loss at the hands of the Khmer Rouge, ten-year-old Loung Ung became the “lucky child,” the sibling chosen to accompany her eldest brother to America while her one surviving sister and two brothers remained behind. In this poignant and elegiac memoir, Loung recalls her assimilation into an unfamiliar new culture while struggling to overcome dogged memories of violence and the deep scars of war. In alternating chapters, she gives voice to Chou, the beloved older sister whose life in war-torn Cambodia so easily could have been hers. Highlighting the harsh realities of chance and circumstance in times of war as well as in times of peace, Lucky Child is ultimately a testament to the resilience of the human spirit and to the salvaging strength of family bonds.

Harper Perennial | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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No Sure Victory: Measuring U.S. Army Effectiveness and Progress in the Vietnam War


by Gregory A. Daddis
Oxford University Press, 2011

It is commonly thought that the U.S. Army in Vietnam, thrust into a war in which territory occupied was meaningless, depended on body counts as its sole measure of military progress. In No Sure Victory, Army officer and historian Gregory A. Daddis uncovers the truth behind this gross simplification of the historical record. Daddis shows that, confronted by an unfamiliar enemy and an even more unfamiliar form of warfare, the U.S. Army adopted a massive, and eventually unmanageable, system of measurements and formulas to track the progress of military operations that ranged from pacification efforts to search-and-destroy missions. Concentrating more on data collection and less on data analysis, these indiscriminate attempts to gauge success may actually have hindered the army’s ability to evaluate the true outcome of the fight at hand–a roadblock that Daddis believes significantly contributed to the multitude of failures that American forces in Vietnam faced. Filled with incisive analysis and rich historical detail, No Sure Victory is a valuable case study in unconventional warfare, a cautionary tale that offers important perspectives on how to measure performance in current and future armed conflict.

Oxford University Press | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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Trade and Development in a Globalized World: The Unfair Trade Problem in U.S.D Thai Trade Relations


by John M. Rothgeb Jr. and Benjamas Chinapandhu
Lexington Books, 2008

Trade and Development in a Globalized World examines how the unfair trade regulations of advanced countries affect developing societies. The most prominent of these regulations are those pertaining to dumping and subsidies. As antidumping and antisubsidy laws have proliferated, they have increasingly undermined the trade-related development strategies of poor countries. To determine how developing states attempt to cope with the problems created by unfair trade rules, Rothgeb and Chinapandhu conducted a case study of the Thai–U.S. trade relationship. The results, revealed here, show that unfair trade regulations have evolved substantially from their origins as devices for ensuring that international markets can not be manipulated to confer advantages upon selected exporters and that these regulations now serve as the primary protective mechanisms for guaranteeing that advanced country producers will not face competition from developing country industries.

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Bookshelf Spotlight: Southeast Asian Culture & the Cold War

Posted on 10 October 2011 by Pahole Sookkasikon

Featured Books

* America’s Strategy in Southeast Asia: From Cold War to Terror War
* Cultures at War: The Cold War and Cultural Expression in Southeast Asia
* Connecting Histories: Decolonization and the Cold War in Southeast Asia, 1945-1962
* Vietnam and Beyond: A Diplomat’s Cold War Education
* The Cold War and National Assertion in Southeast Asia: Britain, the United States and Burma, 1948-1962

America’s Strategy in Southeast Asia: From Cold War to Terror War


by James A Tyner
Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006

James A. Tyner’s inventive and multidisciplinary ideas on geography similarly range from the personal-his father’s experience in the military during the Vietnam War-to a broad discussion of how the United States has come to exercise power through the production of geographic knowledge, in this case in Southeast Asia. America’s Strategy in Southeast Asia contends that the construction of Southeast Asia as a geographic entity has been a crucial component in the creation of the American empire.

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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Cultures at War: The Cold War and Cultural Expression in Southeast Asia


by Tony Day, Maya H. T. Liem
Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications, 2010

These innovative essays compel us to reevealuate our understanding of the Cold War as a predominantly political and military event. The consideration of a broad range of cultural forms from literature and film to glossy magazines and body-building-reminds us that the Cold War’s influence on culture and its producers was as varied and complex as the Southeast Asian countries it touched. Lively and insightful, this rich collection is a valuable contribution to both Cold War studies and the modern histories of Southeast Asia.

Cornell | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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Connecting Histories: Decolonization and the Cold War in Southeast Asia, 1945-1962


by Christopher E. Goscha, Christian Ostermann
Stanford University Press , 2009

Connecting Histories: Decolonization and the Cold War in Southeast Asia draws on newly available archival documentation from both Western and Asian countries to explore decolonization, the Cold War, and the establishment of a new international order in post-World War II Southeast Asia. These intersections are the focus of the contributions to this book, which use new sources and approaches to examine some of the most important historical trajectories of the twentieth century in Burma, Vietnam, Malaysia, and a number of other countries.

Stanford University Press | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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Vietnam and Beyond: A Diplomat’s Cold War Education


by Robert Hopkins Miller
Texas Tech University Press, 2002

Robert Hopkins Miller spent nearly one-third of his forty-year Foreign Service career on Americas unsuccessful Vietnam venture from 1962 to the end of the war. This memoir of his full career emphasizes his Vietnam years but also covers his postings in Europe and assignments as ambassador to Malaysia, 1977-80, and to Côte d’Ivoire, 1983-86. He describes the internal debates and frequent arguments, the tensions and the anguish that went on below the top policy levels in Washington. Miller supplements personal recollections of his professional life with documentation from published accounts and official files to give a full picture of life in the Foreign Service during peace and war. He reveals how one diplomat’s thinking on Vietnam evolved as America’s frustrations grew, and he conveys a sense of how we became entangled in a major trouble spot.

Texas Tech University Press | Goodreads | Amazon | Google Books

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The Cold War and National Assertion in Southeast Asia: Britain, the United States and Burma, 1948-1962


by Matthew Foley
Routledge, 2010

This book charts British and American approaches to Burma between the country’s independence from the United Kingdom in 1948 and the military coup that ended civilian government in 1962. It analyses the fundamental drivers of Anglo-American policy-making during this crucial period – assumptions, expectations and apprehensions that would, eventually, lead America into the disaster of Vietnam. The book suggests the key to understanding British and American approaches to Southeast Asia is to see them in terms of a search for order and stability in an increasingly chaotic and dangerous world. Such order had previously been provided by the colonial regimes of the European powers. With those regimes gone or going, British and American planners faced a region beset with new uncertainties, led by a set of nationalist politicians driven by very different, and often competing, goals and aspirations.

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Song of the Week: Ros Sereysothea

Posted on 09 June 2011 by Ronald Gilliam

 

Ros Sereysothea (1948–1977) was a famous Cambodian singer during the nation’s thriving cultural renaissance. She sang from a variety of genres but romantic ballads emerged as her most popular works. Despite a rather short career she is credited with producing hundreds of songs and even starring in a few movies. Details of her life and fate during the Khmer Rouge is relatively unknown but it is generally accepted she did not survive.

Growing up relatively poor, Ros Sothea was the second youngest of five children and displayed vocal talent around the age of three or four. Her talent would remain relatively hidden until she was persuaded by friends to join a regional singing contest in 1963. It is believed that Im Song Seurm, a singer from the National Radio heard of Sothear’s talents and invited her to the capital, Phnom Penh in 1967.

In Phnom Penh, she adopted the alias Ros Sereysothea and became a singer for National Radio performing duets with Im Song Seurm. Her first hit, Stung Khieu debuted the same year and she quickly attracted fans with her clear and high pitch voice. Recognized as a national treasure she was honored by King Norodom Sihanouk with the royal title of “Preah Reich Theany Somlang Meas“, the “Golden Voice of the Royal Capital“.

By the 1970s, Sothear began experimenting in other genres. Her high, clear voice, coupled with the rock backing bands featuring prominent, distortion-laden lead guitars, pumping organ and loud, driving drums, made for an intense, sometimes haunting sound that is best described today as psychedelic or garage rock. And like the leader of the music scene, Sinn Sisamouth, Sothear would often take popular Western rock tunes, such as John Fogerty’s “Proud Mary” and refashion them with Khmer lyrics.

Her career would continue until the Khmer Rouge captured the beleaguered capital, Phnom Penh in April 1975. Like everyone else when the Khmer Rouge took over, she was forced to leave Phnom Penh. There are many speculations regarding her fate from a variety witnesses. Her sisters insist that Sothea along with their mother and children were taken to Kampong Som province and executed immediately following the Fall of Phnom Penh.

With the cultural upheaval by the Khmer Rouge, scant evidence of Ros Serey Sothear’s life remains. However, many recordings have survived and have started to gain exposure through reissues on cassette and CD.

Songs by Sothea, Sinn Sisamouth and other Cambodian singers of the era, Meas Samoun, Chan Chaya, Choun Malai and Pan Ron, are featured on the soundtrack to Matt Dillon’s film City of Ghosts. Tracks by Sothea are “Have You Seen My Love”, “I’m Sixteen” and “Wait Ten Months”. Also “I’m Sixteen” was taken for the soundtrack of the 2010 movie of Detlev Buck “Same Same, but different”

The Los Angeles band Dengue Fever, which features Cambodian lead singer Chhom Nimol, covers a number of songs by Sothea and other singers from the short-lived Cambodian rock and roll scene. –condensed from Wikipedia biography.

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Subtitled Film from Vietnam

Posted on 07 June 2011 by Ronald Gilliam

The University of Hawaii’s Southeast Asian Film Translation Project recently produced two subtitled Vietnamese language films, now available for public viewing in the United States!

 

program-vietnam-008BONG SEN (1998) is a remarkable co-production between Algeria and Vietnam. The film won Third Prize at the Seventh Festival of African Cinema in Morocco. In the 1950s, the French Army sent thousands of indigenes, soldiers conscripted from colonies in North Africa, to fight in the so-called “Dirty War” in Indochina. Set against the growing Vietnamese struggle for independence is a love story involving Ali, portrayed by Algerian actor El-Mellouhi Niddal, and Lien (Nguyen An Chinh), a beautiful Viet Minh guerrilla.

 

program-vietnam-007PASSERINE BIRD (1962). The Vietnam Film Institute stumbled upon a deteriorating 16mm print of this lost classic which the Hong Kong Film Archive restored and the Center subtitled. The film offers a lyric view of village level resistance to French colonial aggression in Viet Nam in the 1950s. Nga, a young girl, is thrown into the bitter struggles of her fellow countrymen as images of innocent youth are bled away, turning into the steadfastness of nationalist resolve.

 

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Book Spotlight: Diary of the War: WWII Memoirs of Lt. Col. Anastacio Campo

Posted on 08 February 2011 by Ronald Gilliam

Diary of the War: WW II Memoirs of Lt. Col. Anastacio Campo
by Virginia Yap Morales
2006, Ateneo de Manila University Press

Lt. Col. Anastacio Campo’s diary is a revealing memoir of a Filipino officer stationed in Davao City at the outbreak of World War II. There are relatively few Filipino first-person accounts of the war and most of these are from Bataan or Manila. This account, set in Davao, opens a heretofore unknown vista for most Filipinos. Having been written at the time, it has an immediacy and personal flavor that are unique. Lt. Col. Campo’s diary is enriched with his granddaughter Maria Virginia Y. Morales’s comments and annotations that provide background information, which brings out his human side. An important addition to the Filipino memoirs of World War II, this book is a step toward making the Filipino war experience better understood as a truly nationwide experience.

Google Books Link

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Film Series: Un Soir Aprés La Guerre (One Evening After the War)

Posted on 30 March 2010 by Ronald Gilliam

Wednesday, 31 March
6:30 p.m. – Korean Studies Auditorium

Cambodia, 1998 (108 min)
Khmer with English subtitles
Dir: Rithy Panh
Cast: Chea Lyda Chan (Srey Poeuv), Ratha Keo (Maly), Sra N’Gath Kheav (Le Meut)
Peng Phan (Srey Poeuv’s Mother), Narith Roeun (Savannah), Mol Sovannak (Phâl)

When we lose in love, the isolation can reveal our true character. Are we tempted by our lower tendencies, give up in despair, or just somehow find the fortitude to carry on? One Evening After the War is a love story by Cambodia’s greatest film director, Rithy Panh. Shot in visually beautiful neo-realist style, it offers rare insights into Cambodian culture. It is invaluable for scholars of the complex period of history to which it pertains. And without ramming it down our throats, it is a commentary on the political plights of Cambodia and one of its biggest problems – young women forced into prostitution. One Evening After the War was screened in the Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival. -Edited from a review by Chris Docker (eyeforfilm)


IMDB Website | All Movie Review | Wikipedia Website | Download Poster

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Nanjing 1937/Manila 1945: Remembrance and Reconciliation

Posted on 02 March 2010 by Ronald Gilliam

Sponsored by the Center for Philippine Studies, , Univ. of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
Tuesday, March 16 at 12:00 pm in the Center for Korean Studies

Presented by Dr. Tokushi Kasahara (Tsuru University) and Dr. Satoshi Nakano (Hitotsubashi University)

Reconciling Narratives of the Nanjing Massacre in Japanese and Chinese Textbooks by Dr. Tokushi Kasahara: Differences in the ways Chinese and Japanese publics have remembered the Massacre are a major obstacle in reconciliation today. Also, historical education causes a rift in understanding the atrocities associated with this event. In his paper, Prof. Tokushi Kasahara will discuss (1) how clear the differences in those public memories actually are by giving a quick look at the history textbooks used by both Japanese and Chinese; (2) why many Japanese do not know the details of the massacre, while most history textbooks in Japanese schools refer to the Nanjing Massacre; and (3) the significance of the publication of History That Opens the Future (2005), the first piece of educational historiography in East Asia edited by authors from Japan, China, and Korea.

Battle of Manila 1945: Politics of Forgetting and Remembrance by Dr. Satoshi Nakano (Battle of Manila: February 3 – March 3, 1945) which slaughtered approximately 100,000 civilian non-combatants by Japanese soldiers and the collateral damage caused by urban warfare, including US indiscriminate shelling, was once given considerable publicity in the Japanese War Crimes Trials (1946-1948). However, it has long been the subject of amnesia in Japan, the United States, and even in the Philippines. The 50th year’s anniversary (1995) marked the quiet beginning of protest against forgetting with the erection of a small memorial in Intramuros, Manila. Will it cause another “Rape of Nanking” problem for Japanese in the near future? Prof. Satoshi Nakano will discuss a brief history of forgetting and remembrance of the battle in postwar Philippine-Japan relations, and the possibility of a more meaningful reconciliation by not forgetting it but by living with its memories. The presentation includes a film showing (about 20 minutes) of NHK documentary “Remembering the Battle of Manila” (2007).

SPEAKER BIO:

Tokushi Kasahara, professor in the Faculty of Literature of the Tsuru University in Japan, is a leading scholar of modern Chinese history and has long been fighting against attempts by the Japanese government to whitewash the memories of Japanese wartime aggression, as well as against right-wing revisionists alleging that the Nanjing Massacre was an illusion or fabrication. He is one of the editors of History That Opens the Future (2005). Currently he is “back” to rural history of modern China and Kuomintang history.

Satoshi Nakano, professor in the Graduate School of Social Sciences of the Hitotsubashi University, has pursued various aspects of the Philippines-Japan-United States history, including Philippine Independence, Japanese occupation and war memories, American cold warriors in the Philippines during 1950s, and of Filipino World War II veterans and their migration to the United States and the present equity movement. He is currently an organizer of the grants-in-aid research project “Truths and Memories of the Battle of Manila: Area Studies for Peace.”

Photo from Britannica Online showcasing the aftermath in Manila after the Allied Forces recaptured the city in 1945.

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Film Series: Balibo

Posted on 15 February 2010 by Ronald Gilliam

Wednesday, 17 February
6:30 p.m. – Korean Studies Auditorium

Australia, 2009, 111 min
English, Tetum, Portuguese, Indonesian
Director: Robert Connolly
Cast: Anthony LaPaglia, Oscar Isaac, Nathan Phillips, Damon Gameau, Gyton Grantley, Tom Wright, Mark Leonard Winter, Bea Viegas

Distributor: Madman Entertainment Inc, www.madman.com.au

Based on the book “Cover-Up” by Jill Jolliffe (2001), Balibo is the story of five Australian journalists who went missing just weeks prior to Indonesia’s invasion of East Timor in 1975, and the efforts of one man determined to find out what happened to them. Balibo is a momentous piece of storytelling, driven by powerhouse performances and sublime direction.

Traditional Timorese songs form a powerful part of the soundtrack and include a children’s choir from Timor opening the film with the powerful O HELE HO, the Fretilin military anthem FOHO RAMELAU, and the political song KOLELE MAI. The film concludes with Ego Lemo’s BALIBO, a Tetum language song composed for the film describing the experiences of the Balibo Five journalists the night before they were to die.

Emotionally engaging from start to end, this is a profound cinematic experience that sheds damning light on a 35 year old blind-spot in Australasian history.

-Courtesy Anders Wotzke in cutprintreview.com

BALIBO Official Film Trailer from Footprint Films.

IMDB Website | Official Movie Website | Variety Review | Download Poster

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The Khmer Rouge Tribunal – Cambodia’s Search for Justice

Posted on 15 December 2009 by Ronald Gilliam

 

Click play to listen to this mp3. Please note sound files are not playable on mobile devices.

Tuesday, January 12, 12:00., Moore Hall 319 (Tokioka Room)
Presented by Elisa Hoven, War Crimes Studies Center – University of California, Berkeley

During the Khmer Rouge Regime from 1975 to 1979, almost one quarter of the Cambodian population died. Thirty years after the events, an international tribunal is finally dealing with the crimes under former leader Pol Pot. The hybrid court with national and international judges, prosecutors and defense lawyers will try at least five of the most responsible perpetrators for torture, genocide and crimes against humanity.

The short documentary “The Khmer Rouge Tribunal – Cambodia’s Search for Justice” gives an introduction to the historical and legal background of the proceedings. In interviews with two contemporary witnesses who survived the Pol Pot regime, the film addresses the major questions faced by the court today:

  • Does a criminal trial still make sense – 30 years after the crimes were committed?
  • Why is participation of the international community necessary?
  • What impact do the proceedings have on the victims?

After seeing the film, students are invited to discuss the challenges of international criminal law and its importance for Cambodia’s national reconciliation.

SPEAKER BIO:

Elisa Hoven was born in Berlin (Germany). She completed her law studies at the Free University of Berlin (Germany), the Radboud University Nijmegen (Netherlands) and the University of Cambridge (UK). She worked as a legal assistant at the Chair of Public and International Law under Professor Dr. Beate Rudolf (FU Berlin) and wrote her dissertation on the rule of law in international criminal proceedings. In 2007, she won the Berlin Science Society award with a paper on German constitutional law. The following year, she was awarded the Humboldt Forum Law Award for an essay on criminal prosecution of international terrorism. In cooperation with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem she co-organized and spoke at the Conference “Ethic and Human Rights in a Globalized World”. In 2009, she worked as a legal consultant to the Civil Parties at the Khmer-Rouge-Tribunal and published several essays on civil party participation in international criminal law. Supported by the German National Academic Foundation, she is currently doing research at the War Crimes Studies Center at the University of Berkeley.

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Enemies of the People

Posted on 15 December 2009 by Ronald Gilliam

Premiering at the 2010 Sundance Festival in Park City, Utah
Various screenings from January 21-31, 2010.

In Enemies of the People, the men and women who perpetrated the Khmer Rouge massacres – from the foot-soldiers who slit throats to the party’s ideological leader, Nuon Chea aka Brother Number Two – break a 30-year silence to give testimony never before heard or seen.

Unprecedented access from top to bottom of the Khmer Rouge has been achieved through a decade of work by one of Cambodia’s best investigative journalists, Thet Sambath.

Sambath is on a personal quest: he lost his own family in the Killing Fields. The film is his journey to discover not how but why they died. In doing so, he hears and understands for the first time the real story of his country’s tragedy.

After years of visits and trust-building, Sambath finally persuades Brother Number Two to admit (again, for the first time) in detail how he and Pol Pot (the two supreme powers in the Khmer Rouge state) decided to kill party members whom they considered ‘Enemies of the People’.

Sambath’s remarkable work goes even one stage further: over the years he befriends a network of killers in the provinces who implemented the kill policy. For the first time, we see how orders created on an abstract political level translate into foul murder in the rice fields and forests of the Cambodian plain.

We have repeatedly used the expression ‘for the first time’. This is because Sambath’s work represents a watershed both in Cambodian historiography and in the country’s quest for closure on one of the world’s darkest episodes.

The United Nations and the Cambodian government have set up a tribunal to try the senior leaders of the Khmer Rouge for international crimes. Brother Number Two’s trial is expected to start in 2010.

The trials are widely expected to deliver a form of justice but fewer expect the truth finally to come out through this process.

Sambath says: “Some may say no good can come from talking to killers and dwelling on past horror, but I say these people have sacrificed a lot to tell the truth. In daring to confess they have done good, perhaps the only good thing left. They and all the killers like them must be part of the process of reconciliation if my country is to move forward.”

Official Movie Site | Sundance 2010 Festival | Variety Review | NY Times Review

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